The main focus of my research has been on response selection, the set of cognitive processes that enable us to transform sensory information into goal-directed actions. I have approached this topic from a variety of perspectives, including motor learning, bimanual coordination, and dual-task interference using a range of cognitive neuroscience methodologies. Although this work represents a diverse set of findings, a central theme is that response selection processes act on flexible representations based on codes that incorporate action goals. These codes are abstract in the sense that they are determined by task demands rather than movement parameters. Therefore, interactions among possible responses, whether they are manifest in performance benefits derived from sequence learning or performance costs derived from response competition, are mediated by the individuals’ goals and their conceptualization of their actions.